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RocketPi MQTT OTA 设备端

本工程实现 MQTT OTA 分包升级，仅保留固件升级功能，适配 ESP8266 AT。设备端主动发起升级，接收固件写入 Flash 并校验，校验通过后跳转执行新固件。

功能说明

  • ESP8266 AT：Wi-Fi + MQTT 连接
  • 设备主动发起 OTA 检查（check）
  • 分包接收（Base64）、CRC32 校验、Flash 写入（FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_BYTE）
  • 传输完成后 SHA256 校验，不通过则返回失败原因
  • 校验通过后反初始化外设并跳转到新固件
  • 实时 ACK/进度上报
  • 串口日志详细，便于调试

Flash 分区（当前配置）

默认写入 STM32F4 的 Sector 6-7（共 256 KB）：

  • Sector 6：0x08040000 - 0x0805FFFF
  • Sector 7：0x08060000 - 0x0807FFFF

宏定义位置：app/app.c

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#define OTA_FLASH_BASE         0x08040000UL
#define OTA_FLASH_SIZE         0x00040000UL
#define OTA_FLASH_SECTOR_FIRST FLASH_SECTOR_6
#define OTA_FLASH_SECTOR_LAST  FLASH_SECTOR_7

注意： - 应用固件必须以 OTA_FLASH_BASE 作为链接起始地址 - 固件大小不得超过 OTA_FLASH_SIZE

MQTT 主题

根主题为 APP_MQTT_BASE_TOPIC，设备 ID 为 APP_DEVICE_ID： - 设备 -> 服务端：<base>/ota/<deviceId>/req - 服务端 -> 设备：<base>/ota/<deviceId>/cmd - 服务端 -> 设备：<base>/ota/<deviceId>/data - 设备 -> 服务端：<base>/ota/<deviceId>/ack - 设备 -> 服务端：<base>/ota/<deviceId>/state

OTA 流程（设备主动）

1) 设备连接 MQTT 后发送 check 2) 服务端返回 offer 3) 设备发送 start 4) 服务端开始分包 chunk 5) 设备校验 + 写入 Flash + 回 ack 6) 完成后发送 result 7) 校验通过则跳转到新固件

载荷示例

设备检查： 

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{ "type": "check", "model": "demo-mcu", "version": "1.0.0", "cap": { "chunkSize": 1024 } }

服务端下发： 

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{ "type": "offer", "status": "update", "version": "1.1.0", "size": 231424, "sha256": "...", "chunkSize": 1024 }

分包： 

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{ "type": "chunk", "index": 0, "offset": 0, "size": 1024, "total": 226, "data": "<base64>", "crc32": "..." }

ACK： 

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{ "type": "ack", "next": 1, "status": "ok" }

结果： 

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{ "type": "result", "status": "ok" }

跳转说明

下载完成后会进行： 1) SHA256 校验（与 offer 的 sha256 比对） 2) 向量表有效性检查（SP 在 SRAM 范围、Reset 在应用区间） 3) 反初始化外设，设置 VTOR、MSP 并跳转

当前反初始化包含：ESP8266 AT、UART2/UART6、TIM3/TIM4 PWM、I2C1、SPI1、DMA 中断、GPIO A/B/C/H。

若镜像无效会返回： 

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{ "type": "result", "status": "fail", "reason": "invalid_image" }

使用说明

1) 修改宏（app/app.c）： - Wi-Fi：APP_WIFI_SSID / APP_WIFI_PASSWORD - MQTT：APP_MQTT_BROKER / APP_MQTT_PORT - 设备信息：APP_DEVICE_ID / APP_DEVICE_MODEL / APP_DEVICE_VERSION - 根主题：APP_MQTT_BASE_TOPIC

2) 编译并烧录固件 3) 启动 OTA 工具（PC 端） - 后端：tools/backend 运行 npm start - 前端：浏览器打开 http://服务器IP:8080/ - 在“MQTT OTA”面板上传 .bin 固件

设备会自动发起 check，随后进入升级流程。

默认参数

  • MQTT QoS：0
  • 分包大小：1024 字节
  • ACK 超时：5000 ms（服务端）
  • Flash 写入方式：FLASH_TYPEPROGRAM_BYTE
  • 完整性校验：SHA256

串口日志

升级时会打印关键日志，例如：

  • [OTA] check sent
  • [OTA] offer size=...
  • [OTA] flash erased ...
  • [OTA] chunk assembled ...
  • [OTA] progress ...
  • [OTA] download complete ...
  • [OTA] image verified, jumping to app
  • [OTA] invalid image sp=... reset=...

若出现 chunk invalid json 或 payload truncated，一般是 ESP8266 AT 行被拆分，当前代码已支持分片拼接，可结合日志排查。

驱动以及测试代码

Core/Src/main.c 
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/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2025 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "dma.h"
#include "i2c.h"
#include "spi.h"
#include "tim.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
#include "app.h"
#include <stdio.h>
#include "font16x24_ascii.h"
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{

  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_DMA_Init();
  MX_USART2_UART_Init();
  MX_USART6_UART_Init();
  MX_I2C1_Init();
  MX_TIM3_Init();
  MX_TIM4_Init();
  MX_SPI1_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */
    HAL_Delay(500);

//  esp8266_at_test_run();
  App_Init();
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
   App_Loop();
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Configure the main internal regulator output voltage
  */
  __HAL_RCC_PWR_CLK_ENABLE();
  __HAL_PWR_VOLTAGESCALING_CONFIG(PWR_REGULATOR_VOLTAGE_SCALE2);

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSEState = RCC_HSE_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLSource = RCC_PLLSOURCE_HSE;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLM = 4;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLN = 84;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLP = RCC_PLLP_DIV2;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLQ = 7;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_PLLCLK;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_2) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* 用于 Keil ARMCLANG，禁止半主机时需要提供 */
void _ttywrch(int ch)
{
    /* 根据需要发送到串口；如果不需要输出，留空即可 */
    (void)ch;
}

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */
Core/Src/stm32f4xx_it.c 
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/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file    stm32f4xx_it.c
  * @brief   Interrupt Service Routines.
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2025 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */

/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "stm32f4xx_it.h"
/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */
/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN TD */

/* USER CODE END TD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/* External variables --------------------------------------------------------*/
extern DMA_HandleTypeDef hdma_spi1_tx;
extern SPI_HandleTypeDef hspi1;
extern DMA_HandleTypeDef hdma_usart2_rx;
extern DMA_HandleTypeDef hdma_usart2_tx;
extern DMA_HandleTypeDef hdma_usart6_rx;
extern DMA_HandleTypeDef hdma_usart6_tx;
extern UART_HandleTypeDef huart2;
extern UART_HandleTypeDef huart6;
/* USER CODE BEGIN EV */

/* USER CODE END EV */

/******************************************************************************/
/*           Cortex-M4 Processor Interruption and Exception Handlers          */
/******************************************************************************/
/**
  * @brief This function handles Non maskable interrupt.
  */
void NMI_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN NonMaskableInt_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END NonMaskableInt_IRQn 0 */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN NonMaskableInt_IRQn 1 */
   while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END NonMaskableInt_IRQn 1 */
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles Hard fault interrupt.
  */
void HardFault_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN HardFault_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END HardFault_IRQn 0 */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE BEGIN W1_HardFault_IRQn 0 */
    /* USER CODE END W1_HardFault_IRQn 0 */
  }
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles Memory management fault.
  */
void MemManage_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN MemoryManagement_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END MemoryManagement_IRQn 0 */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE BEGIN W1_MemoryManagement_IRQn 0 */
    /* USER CODE END W1_MemoryManagement_IRQn 0 */
  }
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles Pre-fetch fault, memory access fault.
  */
void BusFault_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN BusFault_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END BusFault_IRQn 0 */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE BEGIN W1_BusFault_IRQn 0 */
    /* USER CODE END W1_BusFault_IRQn 0 */
  }
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles Undefined instruction or illegal state.
  */
void UsageFault_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN UsageFault_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END UsageFault_IRQn 0 */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE BEGIN W1_UsageFault_IRQn 0 */
    /* USER CODE END W1_UsageFault_IRQn 0 */
  }
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles System service call via SWI instruction.
  */
void SVC_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SVCall_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END SVCall_IRQn 0 */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SVCall_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END SVCall_IRQn 1 */
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles Debug monitor.
  */
void DebugMon_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN DebugMonitor_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END DebugMonitor_IRQn 0 */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN DebugMonitor_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END DebugMonitor_IRQn 1 */
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles Pendable request for system service.
  */
void PendSV_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN PendSV_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END PendSV_IRQn 0 */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN PendSV_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END PendSV_IRQn 1 */
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles System tick timer.
  */
void SysTick_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysTick_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END SysTick_IRQn 0 */
  HAL_IncTick();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysTick_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END SysTick_IRQn 1 */
}

/******************************************************************************/
/* STM32F4xx Peripheral Interrupt Handlers                                    */
/* Add here the Interrupt Handlers for the used peripherals.                  */
/* For the available peripheral interrupt handler names,                      */
/* please refer to the startup file (startup_stm32f4xx.s).                    */
/******************************************************************************/

/**
  * @brief This function handles DMA1 stream5 global interrupt.
  */
void DMA1_Stream5_IRQHandler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN DMA1_Stream5_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END DMA1_Stream5_IRQn 0 */
  HAL_DMA_IRQHandler(&hdma_usart2_rx);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN DMA1_Stream5_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END DMA1_Stream5_IRQn 1 */
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles DMA1 stream6 global interrupt.
  */
void DMA1_Stream6_IRQHandler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN DMA1_Stream6_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END DMA1_Stream6_IRQn 0 */
  HAL_DMA_IRQHandler(&hdma_usart2_tx);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN DMA1_Stream6_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END DMA1_Stream6_IRQn 1 */
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles SPI1 global interrupt.
  */
void SPI1_IRQHandler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END SPI1_IRQn 0 */
  HAL_SPI_IRQHandler(&hspi1);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SPI1_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END SPI1_IRQn 1 */
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles USART2 global interrupt.
  */
void USART2_IRQHandler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END USART2_IRQn 0 */
  HAL_UART_IRQHandler(&huart2);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART2_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END USART2_IRQn 1 */
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles DMA2 stream1 global interrupt.
  */
void DMA2_Stream1_IRQHandler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN DMA2_Stream1_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END DMA2_Stream1_IRQn 0 */
  HAL_DMA_IRQHandler(&hdma_usart6_rx);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN DMA2_Stream1_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END DMA2_Stream1_IRQn 1 */
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles DMA2 stream3 global interrupt.
  */
void DMA2_Stream3_IRQHandler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN DMA2_Stream3_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END DMA2_Stream3_IRQn 0 */
  HAL_DMA_IRQHandler(&hdma_spi1_tx);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN DMA2_Stream3_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END DMA2_Stream3_IRQn 1 */
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles DMA2 stream6 global interrupt.
  */
void DMA2_Stream6_IRQHandler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN DMA2_Stream6_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END DMA2_Stream6_IRQn 0 */
  HAL_DMA_IRQHandler(&hdma_usart6_tx);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN DMA2_Stream6_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END DMA2_Stream6_IRQn 1 */
}

/**
  * @brief This function handles USART6 global interrupt.
  */
void USART6_IRQHandler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART6_IRQn 0 */

  /* USER CODE END USART6_IRQn 0 */
  HAL_UART_IRQHandler(&huart6);
  /* USER CODE BEGIN USART6_IRQn 1 */

  /* USER CODE END USART6_IRQn 1 */
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

/* USER CODE END 1 */